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FORMATION OF MORAL VALUES OF FUTURE NURSES IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING HUMANITARIAN DISCIPLINES

The article deals with the relationship between the study of humanities, namely the content of language training, and the process of forming moral values of nurses in the process of acquiring general competencies by students; the communicative method is identified as the most effective in the study of certain topics related to the teaching of professional communication.
Keywords: nurse, moral values, communication, professional ethics.

Guk I. P.
Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences,
Medical Specialized College of Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine

10.34142//2708-4809.SIUTY.2022.69

In modern society, the moral values of goodness, moral duty, responsibility, justice, human honor and dignity, and conscience play a crucial role, as they have a particular impact on people’s behavior, their relationships with others, and the nature and culture of communication. Since medicine plays an exceptional role in human life, special requirements are now being placed on the ethical component of a medical professional’s professional behavior. The relationship between a healthcare professional and a patient requires, in addition to professional knowledge, compliance with moral and ethical standards. Medical ethics is a standard of behavior of a nurse in the performance of her duties and expresses her professional honor and dignity.

The profession of a nurse belongs to the socio-economic type of professions. That is why its main activity is aimed at direct communication with the patient. Bilichenko O. V. notes that “for nurses, no less than for doctors, the culture of communication, education, sincerity, empathy, high spirituality, optimism, will, mental stability are important” [2, p. 147]. In accordance with the standard of professional higher education, the following competencies are defined among the general competencies: the ability of a nurse to preserve and increase moral, cultural, scientific values and achievements of society, the ability to communicate in the state language both orally and in writing, to communicate in a foreign language, the ability to interpersonal interaction [4]. The acquisition of these competencies will be facilitated by the study of humanitarian disciplines, as they “form a holistic view of universal cultural values, lay down moral categories, provide an understanding of national priorities, stimulate thinking, represent a technology of self-education, and contribute to the improvement of students’ language culture” [6, p. 82].

The disciplines “Ukrainian language (for professional purposes)” and “Foreign language (for professional purposes)” are designed to teach future healthcare professionals the culture of communication in both their native and English languages. The ability to communicate in the language of the profession contributes to the rapid mastery of special disciplines, increases work efficiency, and helps to navigate professional activities. In language classes, students learn to communicate in typical professional situations.

In the process of working on the section “Ethics of Business Communication”, students study the essence and content of ethics of business communication, ethical rules and regulations, and consider the peculiarities of professional ethics of a nurse. The general principles and rules of business communication of a specialist include consideration of such aspects as morality, respect for other people, rationality, rules of criticism and self-criticism.

ESP is an integrated discipline that combines the cycles of teaching classical English, as well as teaching grammar, vocabulary and stylistics of the medical language itself. It is closely related to clinical and natural science disciplines, because it is impossible to teach students a medical topic without having an understanding of its content. The program involves studying the specifics of a nurse’s work in different hospital departments. The study of certain topics, such as Accidents and Emergency Medical Care, Nurse Participation in Patient Examination, Peculiarities of Nurse Work with Cancer Patients, Patient Care in Pediatric Neurology Department, Patient Care in Burn Unit, etc., involves students acquiring skills in communicating with patients who require special treatment by a nurse.

Communication is aimed at achieving a certain result, solving a specific problem. The future nurse must understand that she has a primary responsibility to those who need her support. When providing care, she tries to create an atmosphere of respect for the patient’s ethical values, customs and spiritual beliefs. Teaching students how to communicate with patients requires the use of appropriate teaching methods.

It should be noted that an effective teaching method is the communicative one, which is “focused on the organization of the learning process, adequate to the process of real communication through modeling the basic laws of speech communication” [5, p. 123]. Scientists distinguish the following regularities: the active nature of speech communication, which is embodied in the communicative behavior of the teacher and in the communicatively motivated, active behavior of the student; the subject matter of the communication process, which should be modeled by a limited but precisely defined set of discussion topics (topics, problems, events, etc.); modeled communication situations; language means that ensure the process of communication and learning in these situations [1, p. 123].

Thus, the formation of moral values of future nurses occurs not only during the study of clinical disciplines, nursing ethics and deontology. The study of humanities, in particular languages of professional orientation, also helps students to acquire skills and abilities to communicate with patients at the humanistic level of moral culture.

List of references

1. Bigich O.B., Borisko N.F., Boretska H.E. Methods of teaching foreign languages and cultures: theory and practice: a textbook for students of classical, pedagogical and linguistic universities / edited by S.Y. Nikolayeva. Kyiv: Lenvit, 2013.
2. Bilichenko O. V. Fundamentals of professional ethics of medical workers: a textbook. Vinnytsia: Works, 2019.
3. Ethical Code of Nurses of Ukraine, 1999. URL: https://medplatforma.com.ua/files/Articles%20MEDSPRAVA/1591/etuchnui-kodks-medsestru.docx (accessed October 28, 22).
4. Standard of professional higher education of the educational and professional degree of professional junior bachelor of the field of knowledge 22 Health care, specialty 223 Nursing: Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine of 08.11.2021 № 1202. URL: https://mon.gov.ua/storage/app/media/ Fakhova%20peredvyshcha%20osvita/Zatverdzheni.standarty/2021/11/08/223-Medsestrinstvo.pdf (accessed on 28.10.22).
5. Stepaniuk A. V. Formation of professionally significant qualities of nurses in the process of professional training: monograph: TNPU named after V. Hnatiuk, 2017.
6. Humanitarian disciplines in a medical university: personal, practical and educational aspects. Education and science in the context of global transformations: mat. II All-Ukrainian scientific conference, October 26-27, 2018, Dnipro. Dnipro: SPD “Okhotnyk”, 2018. Issue I. P. 82-83.